Wiener Riesenrad

The Wiener Riesenrad (German for "Viennese giant wheel"), or Riesenrad, is a 64.75-metre (212 ft) tall Ferris wheel at the entrance of the Prater amusement park in Leopoldstadt, the 2nd district of Austria 's capital Vienna.

It is now one of Vienna's most popular tourist attractions, and symbolises the district as well as the city for many people. It was built and erected in 1897 by the English engineer Lieutenant Walter Bassett Bassett (1864-1907), Royal Navy, son of Charles Bassett (1834-1908), MP, of Watermouth Castle, Devon. Its purpose was to celebrate the Golden Jubilee of Emperor Franz Josef I. The Riesenrad was one of the earliest Ferris wheels ever built. Walter Bassett's ferris wheel manufacturing business was not a commercial success, and he died in 1907 almost bankrupt. A permit for its demolition was issued in 1916, but due to a lack of funds with which to carry out the destruction, it survived. It originally had 30 gondolas, but was severely damaged in World War II and when subsequently rebuilt only 15 gondolas were replaced. The wheel is driven by a circumferential cable which leaves the wheel and passes through the drive mechanism under the base, and its spokes are steel cables, in tension. At that time of its construction in 1897, both the original 80.4-metre (264 ft) Ferris Wheel in the US (constructed 1893, demolished 1906) and the 94-metre (308 ft) Great Wheel in England (constructed 1895, demolished 1907) were taller.

The 100-metre (328 ft) Grande Roue de Paris, constructed in 1900, was even taller still. However, upon the demolition of the Grande Roue de Paris in 1920, the Riesenrad became the world's tallest extant Ferris wheel, and remained so for the next 65 years, until the construction of the 85-metre (279 ft) Technostar in Japan in 1985. The Riesenrad famously appeared in the 1949 post-war film noir The Third Man, and also featured in the 1973 spy thriller Scorpio, and the 1987 James Bond film, The Living Daylights. It also appears in The Star of Kazan by Eva Ibbotson, Max Ophüls ' Letter from an Unknown Woman and its Generation X counterpart, Richard Linklater 's Before Sunrise, and The Glass Room by Simon Mawer.